Nature Clinical Practice Oncology Nature Clinical Practice Oncology provides oncologists with authoritative and timely interpretations of key developments in the field, translating the latest findings into clinical practice. http://www.nature.com/ncponc/current_issue/ Nature Publishing Group en © Nature Publishing Group Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 1743-4254 1743-4262 © Nature Publishing Group permissions@nature.com Nature Clinical Practice Oncology http://www.nature.com/includes/rj_globnavimages/ncponc_logo.gif http://www.nature.com/ncponc/ Is abiraterone acetate well tolerated and effective in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncponc1262 Is abiraterone acetate well tolerated and effective in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer?

Nature Clinical Practice Oncology. doi:10.1038/ncponc1262

Authors: Emmanuel S Antonarakis & Mario A Eisenberger

]]> Is abiraterone acetate well tolerated and effective in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer? Emmanuel S Antonarakis Mario A Eisenberger doi:10.1038/ncponc1262 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-28 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-28 Practice Point A comparison of XELOX with FOLFOX-4 as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncponc1261 A comparison of XELOX with FOLFOX-4 as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer

Nature Clinical Practice Oncology. doi:10.1038/ncponc1261

Author: Axel Grothey

]]> A comparison of XELOX with FOLFOX-4 as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer Axel Grothey doi:10.1038/ncponc1261 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-28 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-28 Practice Point Is intravenous iron supplementation with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents beneficial in cancer patients with anemia? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncponc1252 Is intravenous iron supplementation with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents beneficial in cancer patients with anemia?

Nature Clinical Practice Oncology. doi:10.1038/ncponc1252

Author: Julia Bohlius

]]> Is intravenous iron supplementation with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents beneficial in cancer patients with anemia? Julia Bohlius doi:10.1038/ncponc1252 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-21 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-21 Practice Point Anal cancer: is neoadjuvant cisplatin chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy friend or foe? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncponc1258 Anal cancer: is neoadjuvant cisplatin chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy friend or foe?

Nature Clinical Practice Oncology. doi:10.1038/ncponc1258

Authors: Robert Glynne-Jones & Suzannah Mawdsley

]]> Anal cancer: is neoadjuvant cisplatin chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy friend or foe? Robert Glynne-Jones Suzannah Mawdsley doi:10.1038/ncponc1258 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-14 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-14 Practice Point Adoptive transfer of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells in the treatment of metastatic melanoma http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncponc1259 Adoptive transfer of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells in the treatment of metastatic melanoma

Nature Clinical Practice Oncology. doi:10.1038/ncponc1259

Authors: F Stephen Hodi & David E Fisher

]]> Adoptive transfer of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells in the treatment of metastatic melanoma F Stephen Hodi David E Fisher doi:10.1038/ncponc1259 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-14 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-14 Practice Point Determining the survival benefit of adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with node-positive head and neck cancer http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncponc1241 Determining the survival benefit of adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with node-positive head and neck cancer

Nature Clinical Practice Oncology. doi:10.1038/ncponc1241

Authors: Giuseppe Sanguineti & Arlene A Forastiere

]]> Determining the survival benefit of adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with node-positive head and neck cancer Giuseppe Sanguineti Arlene A Forastiere doi:10.1038/ncponc1241 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-09-30 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-09-30 Practice Point Thalidomide plus dexamethasone as primary therapy for newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncponc1223 Thalidomide plus dexamethasone as primary therapy for newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma

Nature Clinical Practice Oncology. doi:10.1038/ncponc1223

Authors: Meletios A Dimopoulos & Efstathios Kastritis

]]> Thalidomide plus dexamethasone as primary therapy for newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma Meletios A Dimopoulos Efstathios Kastritis doi:10.1038/ncponc1223 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-09-09 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-09-09 Practice Point What is the standard chemotherapy for colorectal cancer patients with resectable liver metastases? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncponc1274 For patients with colorectal cancer and liver metastases, hepatic resection is the only potential curable treatment. The role of adjuvant chemotherapy in this setting is still under debate. The authors of this Viewpoint discuss the final results of the EORTC Intergroup randomized phase III study 40983 and whether FOLFOX4 should be the new standard in patients with resectable colorectal cancer and liver metastases. What is the standard chemotherapy for colorectal cancer patients with resectable liver metastases?

Nature Clinical Practice Oncology. doi:10.1038/ncponc1274

Authors: Bert H O'Neil & Richard M Goldberg

]]> What is the standard chemotherapy for colorectal cancer patients with resectable liver metastases? Bert H O'Neil Richard M Goldberg doi:10.1038/ncponc1274 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-11-11 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-11-11 Viewpoint The role of cytoreductive nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma in the era of targeted therapy http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncponc1256 Cytoreductive nephrectomy has been a standard treatment for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. The introduction of targeted agents has generated interest in using these drugs pre-operatively. The authors discuss the use of molecular targeted therapy and the benefits of cytoreductive nephrectomy. The role of cytoreductive nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma in the era of targeted therapy

Nature Clinical Practice Oncology. doi:10.1038/ncponc1256

Authors: Simon Chowdhury, Peter G Harper & Toni K Choueiri

]]> The role of cytoreductive nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma in the era of targeted therapy Simon Chowdhury Peter G Harper Toni K Choueiri doi:10.1038/ncponc1256 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-14 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-14 Viewpoint Why does cytotoxic chemotherapy cure only some cancers? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncponc1260 Despite frequent responses to chemotherapy, curative treatment remains elusive for the majority of metastatic solid tumors. By contrast, chemotherapy routinely cures patients with testicular cancers, gestational choriocarcinoma, Hodgkin's disease and high-grade lymphomas. Savage et al. suggest that the chemo-curability of these malignancies results from an intrinsic 'locked-in' state of sensitivity to pro-apoptotic stresses in these particular cell types, and they discuss some of the characteristics shared by the curable cancers that might explain their curability. Why does cytotoxic chemotherapy cure only some cancers?

Nature Clinical Practice Oncology. doi:10.1038/ncponc1260

Authors: Philip Savage, Justin Stebbing, Mark Bower & Tim Crook

]]> Why does cytotoxic chemotherapy cure only some cancers? Philip Savage Justin Stebbing Mark Bower Tim Crook doi:10.1038/ncponc1260 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-11-04 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-11-04 Review Prophylactic and therapeutic anticoagulation for thrombosis—major issues in oncology http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncponc1244 Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cancer. Treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin is the recommended first-line approach for treating cancer patients with newly diagnosed VTE. The authors of this Review discuss the optimal duration of anticoagulant therapy, treatment of recurrent VTE, the role of vena cava filters, the effects of VTE and its treatment on quality of life, and the impact of anticoagulants on survival. Prophylactic and therapeutic anticoagulation for thrombosis—major issues in oncology

Nature Clinical Practice Oncology. doi:10.1038/ncponc1244

Authors: Marc Carrier & Agnes YY Lee

]]> Prophylactic and therapeutic anticoagulation for thrombosis—major issues in oncology Marc Carrier Agnes YY Lee doi:10.1038/ncponc1244 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-28 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-28 Review Angiosarcoma of the breast following surgery and radiotherapy for breast cancer http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncponc1242 Breast angiosarcoma following surgery and radiotherapy for breast cancer is a rare but important clinical entity. In this Review the authors discuss data collected from over 250 case reports and provide a comprehensive discussion of the incidence, etiology, histopathology, cytogenetics, presentation, diagnosis, prognosis and management of this tumor type. Angiosarcoma of the breast following surgery and radiotherapy for breast cancer

Nature Clinical Practice Oncology. doi:10.1038/ncponc1242

Authors: Rachel Abbott & Carlo Palmieri

]]> Angiosarcoma of the breast following surgery and radiotherapy for breast cancer Rachel Abbott Carlo Palmieri doi:10.1038/ncponc1242 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-21 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-21 Review New challenges and opportunities in the management of brain metastases in patients with ErbB2-positive metastatic breast cancer http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncponc1243 Brain metastases are an increasingly prominent problem in the management of women with metastatic breast cancer. Trastuzumab has provided excellent systemic disease control for many patients; however, many women are now living long enough to develop CNS disease. This Review considers the potential for targeted therapy to provide effective management for brain metastases in patients with ErbB2-positive breast cancer, reviewing in particular the data currently available in this setting for lapatinib. New challenges and opportunities in the management of brain metastases in patients with ErbB2-positive metastatic breast cancer

Nature Clinical Practice Oncology. doi:10.1038/ncponc1243

Authors: Michelle E Melisko, Michael Glantz & Hope S Rugo

]]> New challenges and opportunities in the management of brain metastases in patients with ErbB2-positive metastatic breast cancer Michelle E Melisko Michael Glantz Hope S Rugo doi:10.1038/ncponc1243 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-21 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-21 Review Capecitabine: have we got the dose right? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncponc1240 Capecitabine is commonly substituted for conventional 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy based on evidence of the efficacy equivalence of these two drugs and the lack of an increase in overall toxic effects when capecitabine is used. This Review summarizes why there may not be a universally applicable dose for capecitabine because of interpatient differences in basic physiology, pharmacogenomics and diet. The authors also discuss which of these factors contribute to the inter-regional geographical variation in capecitabine toxicity, and the reasons for modifying the starting dose. Capecitabine: have we got the dose right?

Nature Clinical Practice Oncology. doi:10.1038/ncponc1240

Authors: Rachel Midgley & David J Kerr

]]> Capecitabine: have we got the dose right? Rachel Midgley David J Kerr doi:10.1038/ncponc1240 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-21 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-21 Review In silico cancer modeling: is it ready for prime time? http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncponc1237 In the era of personalized, systems-driven medicine, computational or in silico modeling and the simulation of disease processes is becoming increasingly important for hypothesis generation and data integration in both experiments and clinics alike. The authors of this Review discuss selected studies on modeling malignant brain tumors and the implications for clinical practice, including trial design and outcome prediction. In silico cancer modeling: is it ready for prime time?

Nature Clinical Practice Oncology. doi:10.1038/ncponc1237

Authors: Thomas S Deisboeck, Le Zhang, Jeongah Yoon & Jose Costa

]]> In silico cancer modeling: is it ready for prime time? Thomas S Deisboeck Le Zhang Jeongah Yoon Jose Costa doi:10.1038/ncponc1237 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-14 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-14 Review Drug Insight: histone deacetylase inhibitor-based therapies for cutaneous T-cell lymphomas http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncponc1238 Although the precise mechanisms by which histone deacetylase inhibitors exert their antitumor activity is not known, certain tumor types undergo a favorable response and consequently several agents have now entered clinical trials. Khan and La Thangue discuss recent developments in our understanding of the molecular events that underlie the anticancer effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors and relate this information to the emerging clinical picture for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and related malignancies. Drug Insight: histone deacetylase inhibitor-based therapies for cutaneous T-cell lymphomas

Nature Clinical Practice Oncology. doi:10.1038/ncponc1238

Authors: Omar Khan & Nicholas B La Thangue

]]> Drug Insight: histone deacetylase inhibitor-based therapies for cutaneous T-cell lymphomas Omar Khan Nicholas B La Thangue doi:10.1038/ncponc1238 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-07 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-07 Review Drug Insight: cetuximab in the treatment of recurrent and metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncponc1228 Patients with recurrent and/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck have a poor prognosis. Cetuximab represents a clinically relevant advance in the treatment of recurrent and metastatic disease. This rationale for cetuximab as monotherapy and its use in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy for recurrent and/or metastatic disease in the first-line setting is discussed. Drug Insight: cetuximab in the treatment of recurrent and metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Nature Clinical Practice Oncology. doi:10.1038/ncponc1228

Author: Jacques Bernier

]]> Drug Insight: cetuximab in the treatment of recurrent and metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck Jacques Bernier doi:10.1038/ncponc1228 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-09-30 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-09-30 Review Precancerous lesions of the breast http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncponc1239 Precancerous lesions of the breast have become a considerable clinical problem. It is not always possible to identify which of these lesions will progress to invasive carcinoma, and tailoring the treatment according to each individual case remains a challenge. This Review describes the genetic alterations in these types of lesions, the importance of histological examination for diagnosis, and the most appropriate surgical and radiotherapy management options. Precancerous lesions of the breast

Nature Clinical Practice Oncology. doi:10.1038/ncponc1239

Authors: Alberto Costa & Vittorio Zanini

]]> Precancerous lesions of the breast Alberto Costa Vittorio Zanini doi:10.1038/ncponc1239 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-09-30 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-09-30 Review Noninvasive detection of therapeutic cytolytic T cells with 18F–FHBG PET in a patient with glioma http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncponc1278 The authors present the case of a 57-year-old male who was diagnosed with grade IV glioblastoma multiforme and enrolled in a clinical trial of adoptive cellular immunotherapy. The authors used PET imaging technology to image the T cells non-invasively and report the first case using a non-invasive imaging reporter gene/probe technology. Noninvasive detection of therapeutic cytolytic T cells with 18F–FHBG PET in a patient with glioma

Nature Clinical Practice Oncology. doi:10.1038/ncponc1278

Authors: Shahriar S Yaghoubi, Michael C Jensen, Nagichettiar Satyamurthy, Shradha Budhiraja, David Paik, Johannes Czernin & Sanjiv S Gambhir

]]> Noninvasive detection of therapeutic cytolytic T cells with 18F–FHBG PET in a patient with glioma Shahriar S Yaghoubi Michael C Jensen Nagichettiar Satyamurthy Shradha Budhiraja David Paik Johannes Czernin Sanjiv S Gambhir doi:10.1038/ncponc1278 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-11-18 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-11-18 Case Study Complete response of stage IV anal mucosal melanoma expressing KIT Val560Asp to the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncponc1251 Anal mucosal melanoma is a disorder with limited treatment options and is associated with a poor prognosis. The authors describe the case of a 79-year-old man who was diagnosed with stage IV anal mucosal melanoma expressing the KIT Val560Asp mutation, and was treated with surgery, radiotherapy, and a combination of sorafenib and temozolomide therapy. The authors discuss the potential therapeutic use of sorafenib in anal mucosal melanoma patients with specific mutations such as the KIT Val560Asp mutation. Complete response of stage IV anal mucosal melanoma expressing KIT Val560Asp to the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib

Nature Clinical Practice Oncology. doi:10.1038/ncponc1251

Authors: Alfonso Quintás-Cardama, Alexander J Lazar, Scott E Woodman, Kevin Kim, Merrick Ross & Patrick Hwu

]]> Complete response of stage IV anal mucosal melanoma expressing KIT Val560Asp to the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib Alfonso Quintás-Cardama Alexander J Lazar Scott E Woodman Kevin Kim Merrick Ross Patrick Hwu doi:10.1038/ncponc1251 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-21 Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2008-10-21 Case Study